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Alice C. Linsley
Genesis tells us that Noah had at least three sons: Ham, Shem and Japheth. To these sons and their wives were born sons and daughters that intermarried. Bible literalists maintain that the Earth was repopulated after a catastrophic global flood by these sons and their wives. However, the biblical data and the data of science does not support this view. People had already dispersed out of Africa into Eurasia long before the time of Noah.
At the point in history when Noah lived (about 3500-4000 B.C.), human populations had already arrive in the New World, Southeast Asia, and Australia.
Noah was a Proto-Saharan ruler whose homeland is Bor'No, meaning "the Land of Noah" in the region of Lake Chad. Noah and his sons were more African than Asiatic, as is evident by the name given to Ham's son "Kush" (Gen. 10:6), the ancestral head of the Kushites who united the Upper and Lower Nile regions and spread out of Africa into Arabia, Canaan and Mesopotamia. All of these men were rulers and kingdom builders. They are called "the mighty men of old" in Genesis.
It was the custom of these rulers to have two wives in separate households on a north-south axis. This made it easier for the rulers to control and tax commerical traffic moving through their territories. Remembering that Noah and his sons lived in the part of Africa through which the Nile flowed northward from its headlands in Nigeria, we can understand the practicality of this custom. In Canaan the commercial traffic moved in a north-south direction also.
In Genesis, three sons represent a tribal unity and there are many such units listed. The Anakim, for example, were organized into three-clan confederations. The three Anakim clans were named for the three highest ranked sons of Anak. Their names are Sheshai (Shasu), Ahiman and Talmai (Josh.15:14). The Shasu were devotees of YHWH before the time of Moses. Consider these three-clan confederations:
Jubal, Jabal and Tubal-Kain
Ham, Shem and Japheth
Haran, Nahor and Abraham
Yisbak, Esau and Jacob
Og, Magog and Gog
Uz, Buz and Huz
Within these confederations three priest lines consistently intermarried. So the lines of Ham and Shem intermarried, as did the lines of Shem and Japheth, and the lines of Nahor and Abraham intermarried. Genesis 9:27 tells us that the lineages of Japheth and Shem spread far and wide and intermingled. "God shall enlarge Japheth, and he shall dwell in the tents of Shem."
Ham
Ham was the father of great kingdom-builders whose territories spread from Nigeria to southern India. Kush was one of Ham's sons and Kush fathered the rulers Raamah and Nimrod by 2 different wives. Nimrod build a vast kingdom in the Tigris-Euphrates River Valley and Raamah's kingdom stretched from Tyre and Sidon to the cities of the Dead Sea Plain. Raamah's sons were Sheba and Dedan, who intermarried with the people of Shem. Genesis 10 tells us that Nimrod's son by his patrilineal cousin was Asshur, but this son technically belonged to the House of Shem. Likely Arpachshad was Nimrod's son by his half-sister wife.
Shem
Shem's descendants intermarried with the descendants of Ham. Rulers of Shem's house include Asshur, Arpachshad, Selah, and Eber. Eber's two sons were Peleg and Joktan (see diagram). These were born of different wives and the Bible tells us that a "division" took place in this generation (Gen. 10:25). One of Joktan's sons was Sheba, the grandson of Sheba the Elder, the grandson of Kush, the son of Ham. Sheba the elder's brother was Dedan. The Dedanites were the first to use Old Arabic script. The Asshurites and the Elamites used a different script so it is clear that there was a division linguistically.
Japheth
The descendants of Japheth are found in Europe, Turkey, Pakistan, Mongolia and the Upper Nile. His lineage intermarried with the line of Shem. This explains the linguistic similarity between some Afro-Asiatic/Semitic names and some Turkish, Pashtun and Mongolian names, including Jochi, Beri, Malik and Khan. Khan was originally a title meaning king. Today it is a common surname in Turkey, Afghanistan, Pakistan, India and Mongolia. It is equivalent to the Afro-Asiatic Kain or Kayan. Some of the Pashtun tribes adopted Malik as the ruler's title instead of Khan. Malik is equivalent to the Afro-Asiatic Melek, meaning king or ruler.
Genghis Khan married a woman of the Olkut’Hun, or Ogur Hun meaning the Hun community. "On Oghur" means "Ten Arrows" and is a reference to the 10-clan Magyar Confederation. Some think that the term Hungary is derived from "On Oghur." The word ogur means clan/community and appears to be equivalent to the Pashto orkut, meaning community. So ogur, orkut and olkut are cognates and likely related to the Kandahar dialect, which has Tir-hari as a principal dialect. Tir is a form of the name Tiras, mentioned in Genesis 10 and hari is variant of the words Horus and Horite. So it appears that Genghis Khan married into a community which had connections to the Horim, Abraham's Horite people. Likely, Genghis Kahn was a descendant of the Kushite Saka who populated Northern India, Bactria, and the steppes of central Eurasia. Assyrian documents place the appearance of the Saka between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea in the time of Sargon (722-705 B.C.)
In the Hungarian stories, Nimrod is said to have had two sons: Magor and Hunor. Magyar is what the Hungarian people call themselves. The Hungarian word "mag" means son or seed so Mag-Yar means son/seed of Yar (note the initial Canaanite Y designating divine appointment). Likewise, Mag-Or means son/seed of Or. There is a linguistic and genetic link to Shem and Japheth.
Some Magyar live in the Upper Nile area where they are called the Magyar-ab, meaning the Magyar tribe. This word possibly reflects a connection to the clans of Ar. The common explanation for the word Arab comes mostly from Jewish sources that claim it is derived from er-eb, meaning mixed or mongrel people, however it could also mean "people of Ar."
Related reading: Africa in the Days of Noah; Where Did Noah's Ark Land?; Was Constantine a Saka Ruler?; Noah's Homeland in Historical Perspective; Noah's Ark; Where Dwelleth Japheth
Ab (father) is probably derived from eb. I have investigated this word extensively and find many related words having to do with "haunch" and hind quarters of men and animals. Now that you have related it to "tribe", could it be that a territory or location is tantamount for the blessing to be received by the heel? An interesting fact is that the standing stone at the entrance to the circle at stonehenge is called the "heel" and is the only one placed at an angle (ankh, ankle).
ReplyDeleteSusan
The father/patriarch is also the titular head of the tribe. So ab can refer to both and also to the patriarch's land holding. The heel can symbolize the tribe's claim to land/territory. Tribal peoples commonly believe that the Creator gave them the land that they can walk in a given period of time.
ReplyDeleteThere is more evidence to indicate that the peoples who came to Britain many thousands of years ago from the area of Hungary and Anatolia had many cultural traits consistent with ab-original water peoples of Africa. I think, for example, of the custom of burial with the skulls of sacrificed cattle. The circular "pan graves" found along the Nile were marked with the decorated skulls of bulls, gazelles and goats. These remind me of the bowl barrows at Stonehedge which were likewise decorated with bovine skulls.
While the heel "symbolizes" a tribe's claim to territory, the words built to describe this function came about because of their actual belief that the heel was the receipient of divine blessings.
ReplyDeleteAlso, crucifixion by Romans seems to be a deliberate method of denying the power of the God of the Hebrews. They nailed their heels (Jacob) to a tree (Eloah).
Skull, IMO, is derived from Semitic GL (Gilgal, Golgotha) and is the part of the skeletal tree not needed in Paradise. The ossuaries of the 1st century did not include the skulls. I think this is because after crossing over, the Ba receives a new "head" which is Ra. Just look at the tomb paintings of Pharoahs after death. They have the same body but a head replaced by a depiction of Kephre (Ceph?)
I think that you are correct. The heel is also a place of vulnerability (Achilles' heel). Jeremiah 13:22 speaks of this: Jerusalem's heels have been exposed/ravished.
ReplyDeleteThe head/ceph pertains to clans of Joseph, right? They were on the west side of the Jordan (M'nasheh and Ephrem). The heel pertains to the clans of Jacob, who grasped Esau's heel (Gen. 25:26). They were on the east side of the Jordan (M'nasheh and Gd). The river connected the Egyptian and Aramaen clans and made them live as one people. Here is that serpent - S - image of connection, as in lightening coming from heaven to earth.
The new Head is a theme taken up by St. Paul when he speaks of Christ as the "kepale" from which the whole body receives immortality.
I'd never thought of crucifixion in those terms. Very interesting! The bruising of His heel is an essential part of the fulfillment of the Edenic Promise in Gen. 3:15.
Susan,
ReplyDeleteAnother provocative detail that suggests that descendants of Noah moved into Britain involves the "Egyptian Stonehenge" dated to around 5300 B.C, about 1000 years older than Stonehedge. Stonehedge and the stone circle at Nabta, Egypt were arranged in the same fashion.
There is a photo here:
http://www.scribd.com/doc/15936471/Ancient-Egyptian-Astronomy
See page 80.
I have found many Celtic words that could be derived from Afro-Asiatic. For instance "Gaul" could be "Gel". Thanks for that link!
ReplyDeleteAlice,
ReplyDeleteAlthough I have not been able to prove that Noah lived near Lake Chad, I have been able to trace the decendants of Ham back to this region. I found a number of references to Ham's decsendants in my study on the Kingdom of Kush, which went from the Lake Chad area, across the central region of Africa, into central Sudan. Although my study on the Kingdom of Kush is not finished, I will continue to research the references of Ham's descendants living in this region. Thank you for your viewpoints!
Keep up the good work! I'm confident that you are correct.
ReplyDelete